Results
Title | Author | Citation | Summary | Type |
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Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) | Cynthia Hodges |
Brief Summary of t he Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA)
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Topical Introduction | |
The Canadian Commercial Seal Hunt: In Search Of International Legal Protection For Harp Seals | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
This paper considers several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect harp seals from cruelty and over-exploitation. Part I of this paper discusses the Canadian Marine Mammal Regulations, which are the legal-regulatory structure under which the hunt takes place. Part II describes the range and status of the main species targeted in the commercial seal hunt, namely, the harp seals. Part III reviews several several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect and conserve the targeted harp seals. This paper concludes that the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES) is the most likely candidate to protect harp seals from unsustainable trade, and that they should be listed as a protected species under Appendix II. |
Article |
State Spay and Neuter Laws | Cynthia Hodges |
Brief Summary of State Spay and Neuter Laws |
Topical Introduction | |
Detailed Discussion of State Animal "Terrorism"/Animal Enterprise Interference Laws | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
State animal terrorism laws have been enacted to protect agricultural research and production. The laws prohibit acts that obstruct, impede, or disrupt agricultural operations, research, or experimentation conducted at an animal facility. A person who violates a state animal terrorism law may be charged with a misdemeanor or a felony, face a stiff fine and prison term, and may be required to pay restitution. Opponents of such laws argue that they may violate state and federal constitutional rights. |
Article |
Table of Humane Society Enforcement Powers | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
This table outlines the powers granted to agents of humane societies in some states to enforce anti-cruelty statutes. Such powers include serving search warrants, seizing animals, and arresting offenders. Some states require that humane officers complete training and instruction related to investigating animal cruelty. |
Topic Table |
Brief Summary of Ordinances for Pet Number Restrictions | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
Some cities and towns have attempted to address pet nuisance issues by limiting the number of pets a person can own. These laws are sometimes challenged by pet owners because the laws impact pet owners’ property rights. However, courts usually uphold the laws if they are rationally related to protecting the public health, safety, and welfare. |
Article |
Detailed Discussion of the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
The Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (HMSA) is federal legislation that requires that only humane methods of slaughtering and handling livestock in connection with slaughtering be used. Before being shackled, hoisted, thrown, cast, or cut, livestock animals must be rendered insensible to pain by being gassed, electrocuted, or shot in the head with a firearm or captive bolt stunner. HMSA does not apply to birds or animals killed in ritual slaughter, and lacks a general enforcement provision. |
Article |
Animal Industry Interference (Ecoterrorism/Agroterrorism) | Cynthia Hodges |
Brief Summary of Animal Industry Interference ("Ag-Gag") Laws |
Topical Introduction | |
2010 Significant Animal Law Cases | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
This table provides a summary of the significant animal law cases (state and federal) from 2010. The cases are listed alphabetically by case name. |
Article |
Brief Summary of Laws on Assistance Animals | Cynthia F. Hodges | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
State and federal laws prohibit discrimination against disabled people who rely on service animals. Such laws try to protect the rights of disabled people and safeguard their service animals from harm. The penalties for violating these laws include fines, restitution, and imprisonment. |
Article |