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Displaying 5871 - 5880 of 6637
Title Authorsort descending Citation Summary Type
The Canadian Commercial Seal Hunt: In Search Of International Legal Protection For Harp Seals Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

This paper considers several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect harp seals from cruelty and over-exploitation. Part I of this paper discusses the Canadian Marine Mammal Regulations, which are the legal-regulatory structure under which the hunt takes place. Part II describes the range and status of the main species targeted in the commercial seal hunt, namely, the harp seals. Part III reviews several several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect and conserve the targeted harp seals. This paper concludes that the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES) is the most likely candidate to protect harp seals from unsustainable trade, and that they should be listed as a protected species under Appendix II.

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Assistance Animals Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of Assistance Animals Laws
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
Brief Summary of the Equine Activity Liability Act Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

Many states have enacted EALA, which limits equine professionals’ liability for injury or death to equestrian participants. EALA only limits liability if the injury or death had been due to an inherent risk involved with interacting with horses. EALA does not limit liability if the injury or death had been caused by a non-inherent risk or caused by the equine professional’s own negligence.

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2010 Significant Animal Law Cases Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

This table provides a summary of the significant animal law cases (state and federal) from 2010. The cases are listed alphabetically by case name.

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State and Federal Disaster Planning Laws and Pets Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of State Emergency Planning Laws for Animals
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A.  (2011)

 Topical Introduction
Endangered Species Act (ESA) Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of the Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
Overview of Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal and Historical Center

This legal summary contends that trainers should be held criminally liable when racehorses break down under the New York anti-cruelty statute, Agriculture and Markets Law § 353. This section prohibits anyone from unjustifiably overdriving, torturing, injuring, or killing animals. By racing unfit horses, the trainers are not only withholding medical care, but are causing pain and further injury to the horses, which is cruel under the statute. Knowingly racing an unfit horse meets the definition of “cruelty” under § 353, and a guilty trainer should be held to account.

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Brief Summary of State Animal Enterprise Interference Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

State animal terrorism laws have been enacted to protect agricultural research and production using animals. The laws prohibit acts that obstruct, impede, or disrupt agricultural operations, research, or experimentation conducted at an animal facility. A person who violates a state animal terrorism law may be charged with a misdemeanor or a felony, face a stiff fine and prison term, and may be required to pay restitution. Opponents of such laws argue that they may violate state and federal constitutional rights.

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Cat Laws Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of State Cat Laws
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)


 

 Topical Introduction
Brief Overview of Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York Cynthia F. Hodges The Animal Legal and Historical Center

This brief summary presents reasons why trainers should be held criminally liable when racehorses break down under the New York anti-cruelty statute, Agriculture and Markets Law § 353. This section prohibits anyone from unjustifiably overdriving, torturing, injuring, or killing animals. By racing unfit horses, the trainers are not only withholding medical care, but are causing pain and further injury to the horses, which is cruel under the statute. Knowingly racing an unfit horse meets the definition of “cruelty” under § 353, and a guilty trainer should be held to account.

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