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Displaying 5881 - 5890 of 6637
Title Authorsort descending Citation Summary Type
Assistance Animals Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of Assistance Animals Laws
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
Brief Summary of State Animal Enterprise Interference Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

State animal terrorism laws have been enacted to protect agricultural research and production using animals. The laws prohibit acts that obstruct, impede, or disrupt agricultural operations, research, or experimentation conducted at an animal facility. A person who violates a state animal terrorism law may be charged with a misdemeanor or a felony, face a stiff fine and prison term, and may be required to pay restitution. Opponents of such laws argue that they may violate state and federal constitutional rights.

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Overview of Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal and Historical Center

This legal summary contends that trainers should be held criminally liable when racehorses break down under the New York anti-cruelty statute, Agriculture and Markets Law § 353. This section prohibits anyone from unjustifiably overdriving, torturing, injuring, or killing animals. By racing unfit horses, the trainers are not only withholding medical care, but are causing pain and further injury to the horses, which is cruel under the statute. Knowingly racing an unfit horse meets the definition of “cruelty” under § 353, and a guilty trainer should be held to account.

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State and Federal Disaster Planning Laws and Pets Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of State Emergency Planning Laws for Animals
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A.  (2011)

 Topical Introduction
The Link: Cruelty to Animals and Violence Towards People Cynthia Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

The article explores the connection between cruelty to animals and human violence. In particular, it examines animal abuse perpetrated by adolescents as a predictor of later human violence.

Article
Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York Cynthia F. Hodges The Animal Legal and Historical Center

Trainers should be held criminally liable when racehorses break down under the New York anti-cruelty statute, Agriculture and Markets Law § 353. This section prohibits anyone from unjustifiably overdriving, torturing, injuring, or killing animals. By racing unfit horses, the trainers are not only withholding medical care, but are causing pain and further injury to the horses, which is cruel under the statute. Knowingly racing an unfit horse meets the definition of “cruelty” under § 353, and a guilty trainer should be held to account.

Article
Brief Overview of Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York Cynthia F. Hodges The Animal Legal and Historical Center

This brief summary presents reasons why trainers should be held criminally liable when racehorses break down under the New York anti-cruelty statute, Agriculture and Markets Law § 353. This section prohibits anyone from unjustifiably overdriving, torturing, injuring, or killing animals. By racing unfit horses, the trainers are not only withholding medical care, but are causing pain and further injury to the horses, which is cruel under the statute. Knowingly racing an unfit horse meets the definition of “cruelty” under § 353, and a guilty trainer should be held to account.

Article
Endangered Species Act (ESA) Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of the Endangered Species Act (ESA)
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
Cat Laws Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of State Cat Laws
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)


 

 Topical Introduction
Brief Summary of State Cat Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

Most state cat laws deal with anti-cruelty and health concerns, such as requiring rabies vaccinations. A majority of states address over-population by requiring shelters to sterilize animals they adopt out, but otherwise consider free-roaming and feral cats to be a local issue. Local governments deal with the problems associated with these cats, such as nuisance, trespass, property damage, and destruction of native wildlife.

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