Results
| Title |
Author |
Citation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Animal Experimentation: Lessons from Human Experimentation | Arthur Birmingham LaFrance | 14 Animal Law 29 (2007) |
Conventional wisdom tells us that animal experimentation is a relevant precursor to human experimentation. The failings of human experimentation to protect human subjects, however, raise serious questions as to the safety and appropriateness of experimentation on animals. The federal government and medical community, since World War II, have used the Nuremberg Code and the federal “Common Rule” to determine how to conduct human experimentation ethically. Due to political or economic factors, government entities, hospitals, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies have continued to conduct human experimentation without the informed consent of their subjects. These human experiments have often achieved meaningless—or worse—devastating results. Because safeguards have failed with human experimentation, the federal and local governments, in conjunction with animal advocacy organizations, should take a series of concrete steps to eliminate an experimenter’s ability to cause pain, suffering, and unnecessary death to animals. |
| The Animal Welfare Act at Fifty | Courtney G. Lee | 95 Neb. L. Rev. 194-247 (2016) | Part II summarizes the background of the law, its enactment, and its amendments; Part III discusses the species covered, or not covered, by the AWA; Part IV considers the effectiveness and necessity of current animal testing procedures in light of growing technological advancements; Part V compares laboratory testing in other countries; Part VI explores the fates of laboratory animals no longer needed by their facilities; and Part VII offers some recommendations for improvements to the AWA. |
| Detailed Discussion of Medical Research and Animals | Nikki Leung | Animal Legal & Historical Center | This paper will examine the various federal regulations on animal biomedical testing within the United States as well as the industry’s standards and trends. The first four sections examine the FDA requirements for medical products in the United States, federal animal welfare regulations, the general structure of a research facility, and industry regulations for animal use. The second half of this paper examines the species of animals used in research as well as their source of purchase. Accepted methods of euthanasia per species are also examined. By comparing the options available for a research facility to animal use regulations in the United States, it is hoped that the structure of animal welfare in the laboratory can be understood from both economic and legal motivations that influence animal research use today. |
| Overview of Medical Research Animals | Nikki Leung | Animal Legal & Historical Center | This overview examines various federal regulations on animal biomedical testing within the United States as well as the industry’s standards and trends. The application of the federal Animal Welfare Act and regulations issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are discussed. The importance of self-regulation mainly through the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) is also outlined. |
| Brief Summary of Medical Research Animals | Nikki Leung | Animal Legal & Historical Center | This brief summary examines various federal regulations on animal biomedical testing within the United States as well as the industry’s standards and trends. The application of the federal Animal Welfare Act and regulations issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) are discussed. The importance of self-regulation mainly through the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) is also outlined. |
| Revision of the AWA and Removal of Zoos as an Exempt Category | Julia Luttig | Animal Legal & Historical Center | First, this article analyzes the dichotomy between legitimate, accredited zoological institutions, and roadside zoos. Understanding the difference between these types of facilities is critical to understanding how changes in federal and state law could eliminate a significant number of roadside zoos, while permitting accredited zoos to survive under firm guidelines. Second, this article will examine the current requirements of the AWA, to show how expansion in scope and specificity are critical. Specifically, this section will address the need for the AWA to extend to all captive animals, and to include specifies specific welfare provisions as well as a citizen suit provision. Third, this article will discuss the benefits of extending the Michigan anti-cruelty statute to zoos. This includes an analysis of the difference between zoos and other categories exempt from the state statute. Finally, this article will consider the effects of the proposed statute changes and provide suggestions for rehoming animals inevitably displaced by the changes in state and federal law. |
| Regulating the Military's Survival Skills Training Under the Animal Welfare Act | Salma Mavany | 29 BCEALR 45 (2001) |
The United States Military tortuously kills farm animals when teaching soldiers survival skills. Presently, there is no law that specifically protects these farm animals. This Note analyzes whether the Military's animal cruelty can be regulated under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). |
| Redefining The Modern Circus: A Comparative Look At The Regulations Governing Circus Animal Treatment And America's Neglect Of Circus Animal Welfare | Jacqueline Neumann | 36 Whittier L. Rev. 167 | First, this article explains how animals have entertained people for centuries. Next, the article addresses how animals are treated in the modern circus industry. Then, this article discusses the laws governing the circus industry both in the United States and in other countries. Lastly, this article explains where the animals may retire if the circus industry is prohibited from holding animals captive. |
| Model National Animal Welfare Legislation: Commentary | Jaime K. Olin | Animal Legal & Historical Center |
This paper examines the necessary components for drafting model animal law legislation in any country. It begins with a discussion on the general standards of conduct for legislation that views animals as sentient beings. The paper then delves into issues that should be addressed in any animal welfare legislation, such as specific concerns of companion animals and food animals, as well as the legal aspects of imposing criminal regulations among other issues. |
| Failure to Launch: The Lack of Implementation and Enforcement of the Animal Welfare Act | Leslie Rudloff | 67 Syracuse L. Rev. 173 (2017) | Failure to launch syndrome “is an increasingly popular way to describe the difficulties some young adults face when transitioning into the next phase of development—a stage which involves greater independence and responsibility.” One might say that the Animal Welfare Act suffers from failure to launch syndrome. The Animal Welfare Act was passed over fifty years ago and yet, it has not matured past its infancy in terms of effectively preventing unnecessary and inhumane animal experiments. This article will explore the failures of Congress, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUCs), research facilities, and funding agencies to implement and enforce the Animal Welfare Act. |