Trade

Displaying 41 - 50 of 164
Titlesort ascending Summary
Tunisia - Cruelty - Animal Transport (in French)
TRADE IN AFRICAN ELEPHANT PRODUCTS
Tiger Conservation in a "Globalized" World: Tying Humans, Forests, and Tigers Together


This Paper will discuss the current trends in tiger conservation and management. Part I will discuss the statutory protections afforded to tigers in India’s Wildlife Protection Act and the operation of CITES. Part II will cover the primary reasons for renewed concern over the fate of the tiger, focusing on the demand for Asian medicines and other tiger derivatives. This Part will also discuss the current state of conservation efforts in India, focusing on how nearby rural villages have been affected by the establishment of the tiger reserves and wildlife conservation areas in India. Finally, Part III will propose some ways to begin to curb some of the demand in the international tiger derivative market and to improve community involvement and enforcement of India’s current regulations, as well as exploring potential avenues for strengthening aid efforts from and within the United States.
THROWING CAUTION TO THE WIND: THE GLOBAL BEAR PARTS TRADE
Throwing Caution to the Wind: The Global Bear Parts Trade


A discussion of the scope of the bear parts trade around the world, and threats to bears caused by the demand for their gallbladders for use in traditional Chinese medicine. Discusses the failure of both international and domestic law to accurately address the problem, and the need for additional legislation.
The World Trade Organization Rules: A Legal Analysis of their Adverse Impact on Animal Welfare
The World Trade Organisation Rules: A Legal Analysis of Their Adverse Impact on Animal Welfare


An in-depth analysis of the language of WTO's GATT treaty requirements as they relate to state's attempts to provide for the welfare of animals.
The Price of Fame: CITES Regulation and Efforts Towards International Protection of the Great White Shark


After several failed attempts, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) passed a proposal in October of 2004 to increase trade restrictions on the Great White Shark (white shark), also known as carcharodon carcharias, by placing it on Appendix II of its list of protected species. Trade in Appendix II species is restricted by the requirement that states parties issue export permits for all specimens or parts of specimens on the list. The adoption of this proposal is controversial among CITES member nations because of high market demands for white shark products. Although research on white sharks is limited due in part to the elusive nature of the species, all available research indicates that the population of white sharks is decreasing; in some areas the decline is in large, possibly unsustainable, numbers. This population decrease is particularly alarming because market demand remains a powerful motivation for continued depletion.
The Nature of Treaties


This article provides a brief overview of the types of treaties, the treaty process (e.g., creation, ratification, etc.), as well as problems derived from a given sample treaty.
The International Fund for Animal Welfare (Australia) Pty Ltd and Minister for Environment and Heritage


Zoos in New South Wales and Victoria sought to import asian elephants for conservation and exhibition. The Tribunal considered whether the elephants were being imported "for the purposes of conservation breeding or propagation", the zoos were "suitably equipped to manage, confine and care for the animals, including meeting the behavioural and biological needs of the animals", the importation of the elephants would "be detrimental to, or contribute to trade which is detrimental to ... the survival .... or ... recovery in nature of" Asian elephants and whether the elephants were "obtained in contravention of, [or] their importation would ... involve the contravention of, any law". The importation was allowed.

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