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Displaying 5871 - 5880 of 6638
Title Authorsort descending Citation Summary Type
Brief Summary of State Cat Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

Most state cat laws deal with anti-cruelty and health concerns, such as requiring rabies vaccinations. A majority of states address over-population by requiring shelters to sterilize animals they adopt out, but otherwise consider free-roaming and feral cats to be a local issue. Local governments deal with the problems associated with these cats, such as nuisance, trespass, property damage, and destruction of native wildlife.

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Brief Summary of State Spay and Neuter Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal and Historical Center

A majority of states have enacted laws requiring releasing agencies to sterilize cats and dogs they adopt out in an effort to reduce the number of unwanted animals. Exceptions to the mandatory sterilization laws are often made for owners and for medically unfit animals. Violations are punishable both civilly and criminally.

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Detailed Discussion of State Spay and Neuter Laws Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

A majority of states have enacted laws requiring releasing agencies to sterilize cats and dogs they adopt out in an effort to reduce the number of unwanted animals. Exceptions to the mandatory sterilization laws are often made for owners and for medically unfit animals. Violations are punishable both civilly and criminally.

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Horse Racing and Trainer Liability Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of Trainer Responsibility for Racehorse Breakdowns in New York
Cynthia F. Hodges, MA, JD (2008)

 Topical Introduction
Detailed Discussion of State Emergency Planning Laws for Pets Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

Since 2005, major changes have been made to federal and state emergency planning laws with respect to animals. State laws require emergency plans to include steps to be taken during a disaster, including evacuation, rescue and recovery, shelters and tracking.

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Equine Activity Liability Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of Equine Activity Liability Acts (EALA)
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
The Cracking Facade of the International Whaling Commission as an Institution of International Law: Norwegian Small-Type Whaling Brian T. Hodges 15 J. Envtl. L. & Litig. 295

This article discusses the fact that the International Whaling Commission has not expressly recognized the Makah tribe's aboriginal subsistence need, and instead has intentionally left the issue ambiguous. The only viable reason for the IWC to deny the Norwegians a quota under the same exemption is the "aboriginal" requirement. The IWC should clarify the legal ambiguities regarding the right to harvest whales, and it should grant subsistence right to Norwegian coastal fishermen.

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The Canadian Commercial Seal Hunt: In Search Of International Legal Protection For Harp Seals Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

This paper considers several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect harp seals from cruelty and over-exploitation. Part I of this paper discusses the Canadian Marine Mammal Regulations, which are the legal-regulatory structure under which the hunt takes place. Part II describes the range and status of the main species targeted in the commercial seal hunt, namely, the harp seals. Part III reviews several several sources of international law as potential candidates to protect and conserve the targeted harp seals. This paper concludes that the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES) is the most likely candidate to protect harp seals from unsustainable trade, and that they should be listed as a protected species under Appendix II.

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Assistance Animals Cynthia Hodges

Brief Summary of Assistance Animals Laws
Cynthia Hodges, J.D., LL.M., M.A. (2010)

 Topical Introduction
Brief Summary of Ordinances for Pet Number Restrictions Cynthia F. Hodges Animal Legal & Historical Center

Some cities and towns have attempted to address pet nuisance issues by limiting the number of pets a person can own. These laws are sometimes challenged by pet owners because the laws impact pet owners’ property rights. However, courts usually uphold the laws if they are rationally related to protecting the public health, safety, and welfare.

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