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Displaying 401 - 410 of 940
Title |
Author | Citation | Alternate Citation | Summary | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO WAY TO TREAT MAN’S BEST FRIENDS: THE UNCOUNTED INJURIES OF ANIMAL CRUELTY VICTIMS | Samantha D.E. Tucker | 19 Animal L. 151 (2012) | As society has come to recognize the sentience and intelligence of nonhuman animals, jurisdictions across the United States (U.S.) have promulgated animal protection laws. Despite the development of anti-cruelty statutes, though, states with sentence enhancement mechanisms continue to elevate criminal offenders’ sentences only if they injure human victims. This Note considers the development of anti-cruelty laws and explores how sentencing guidelines, victim injury points, and other sentence enhancement mechanisms function in U.S. criminal justice systems. It examines how multiple states treat victim injury, focusing particularly on Florida where, in October 2011, a Florida Assistant State Attorney—in what was likely the first attempt of its kind—sought to score victim injury points against an offender who brutally stabbed a dog. By looking at legislative intent, and other persuasive authority, this Note argues that courts can and should enhance the sentences of offenders who victimize animals. It contends that legislatures should clear up any statutory ambiguity by making it explicitly clear that the criminal justice system should treat animals as victims. Using history and current trends for support, this Note argues that we should award the same number of victim injury points for animals as people. It also looks at several other facets of practical application, such as which animals would qualify as victims for the purpose of victim injury points and how we can make animal victims and victim injury points a priority in the criminal justice system. | Article | |
| NM - Santa Fe County - Impounding Horses- Chapter 95: Animals (Secs. 95.24, 95.75 - 95.78) | Santa Fe County, New Mexico Code of Ordinances sections 95.24, 95.75 - 95.86 (2013) |
Under these Santa Fe County, New Mexico ordinances, if an animal control officer finds that a horse has been abused as stated in these provisions, then the officer will issue the owner a citation and may place the horse in the custody of a caretaker. Furthermore, these ordinances provide provisions on how the owner can petition a court to return an impounded horse, as well as the fees and penalties a horse owner may face for violating these ordinances. |
Local Ordinance | ||
| NM - Property - Chapter 77. Animals and Livestock. | NMSA 1978, § 77-1-1 | NM ST § 77-1-1 | Dogs, cats and domestic birds are considered personal property in New Mexico. | Statute | |
| NM - Impound - Chapter 77. Animals and Livestock. | NMSA 1978, § 77-1-17 | NM ST § 77-1-17 | This New Mexico statute provides that the owner or operator of a veterinary clinic or hospital, a doctor of veterinary medicine, a kennel, grooming parlor or other animal care facility is not liable for disposing of abandoned animals after proper notice has been sent to the owner of record. | Statute | |
| NM - Cruelty - Consolidated Cruelty Statutes | NMSA 1978, § 30-9A-1 - 3; § 30-18-1 to 30-18-16; NMSA 1978, § 77-18-2 to 4 | NM ST § 30-9A-1 - 3; § 30-18-1 to 30-18-16; NM ST § 77-18-2 to 4 | This section comprises the New Mexico anti-animal cruelty provisions. As used in this section, "animal" does not include insects or reptiles. Cruelty to animals occurs when a person mistreats, injures, kills without lawful justification or torments an animal or abandons or fails to provide necessary sustenance to an animal under that person's custody or control. Extreme cruelty to animals, a fourth-degree felony, consists of a person intentionally or maliciously torturing, mutilating, injuring or poisoning an animal or maliciously killing an animal. Upon conviction, the court may order a person to participate in an animal cruelty prevention program or an animal cruelty education program, or to obtain psychological counseling for treatment of a mental health disorder. In 2023, the state passed a law to outlaw bestiality. | Statute | |
| NJ - Cruelty - Consolidated Cruelty Statutes | NJSA 4:22-10 to 4:22-61; NJSA 2C:33-31 - 32 | NJ ST 4:22-10 to 4:22-61; 2C:33-31 - 32 | These New Jersey statutes comprise the state's anti-cruelty provisions. According to the definitional section, "animal" or "creature" includes the whole brute creation. Exclusions under the act include state regulated scientific experiments, state sanctioned killing of animals, hunting of game, training of dogs, normal livestock operations, and the killing of rats and mice. With regard to livestock practices, no person may be cited or arrested for a first offense involving a minor or incidental violation of any provision of this title involving alleged cruelty to domestic livestock unless that person has first been issued a written warning. | Statute | |
| NH - Cruelty - Consolidated Cruelty Laws | N.H. Rev. Stat. § 644:8 - 644:8-g; N.H. Rev. Stat. § 437-B:1 | NH ST § 644:8 - 644:8-g; § 437-B:1 | These New Hampshire statutes provide the animals anti-cruelty and animal fighting provisions for the state. Included are general anti-cruelty laws for any animal (including domestic and wild animals), exhibitions of fighting animals, provisions for protection of animals riding in motor vehicles, restrictions related to docking the tail of a horse, provisions for the use of animals in science classes or fairs, laws against maiming or willfully interfering with police dogs or horses, laws related to the willful interference with organizations or projects involving animals, and provisions related to dogs riding in pick-up trucks. | Statute | |
| New York Revised Statutes 1874: Chapter 12: Sections 1-8 | N.Y. Rev. Stat. ch. 12, §§ 1-8 (1874) | Chapter 12, entitled "An act relating to animals," concerns New York's Law about the treatment of animals from 1874. | Statute | ||
| New York Revised Statutes 1867: Chapter 375: Sections 1-10 | N.Y. Rev. Stat. ch. 375, §§ 1-10 (1867) | Chapter 375, entitled "An act for the more effectual prevention of animal cruelty," concerns New York's law on animal treatment for 1867. | Statute | ||
| New York Revised Statutes 1866: Chapter 783: Sections 1-10 | N.Y. Rev. Stat. ch. 783, §§ 1-10 (1866) | Chapter 783, entitled "An act for the more effectual prevention of animal cruelty," concerns New York's Law on animal treatment for 1866. | Statute |