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Statute Name
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Citation
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Summary
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MI - Appellate Rights (generally) and Public Access to Government (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.1101 to MCL 324.1102
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These sections describe the ability of courts and the Commission to review the Department of Natural Resources decisions and the ability for the public to circulate and sign petitions.
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MI - Biological Diversity - Biological Diversity Conservation (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.35501 to MCL 324.35506
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These Sections describe the State's desire to conserve biological diversity as well as the State's strategy and considerations in achieving this goal. These sections also create the joint legislative working committee on biological diversity.
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MI - Breed - Adoption of ordinances (Wolf-Dog Cross Act)
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MI ST 287.1021
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Under this Michigan statute, a local unit is empowered to adopt an ordinance governing wolf-dog crosses that is more restrictive than this act, provided it fulfills the requirements of this act in addition to any other requirements governing a wolf-dog cross under state and federal law.
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MI - Breed - Possession of wolf-dog cross
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MI ST 287.1004
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This Michigan statute provides the requirements for ownership of wolf-dog hybrids in the state.
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MI - Constitutional Provisions - Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund
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M. C. L. A. Const. Art. 9, § 35
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The trust fund consists of all bonuses, rentals and royalties collected or reserved by the state under provisions of leases for the extraction of nonrenewable resources from state owned lands.
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MI - Constitutional Provisions - Protection of Natural Resources
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M. C. L. A. Const. Art. 4, § 52
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This section declares the protection, conservation, and development of the state's natural resources to be of paramount public concern and the legislature shall provide for the protection of the air, water and other natural resources of the state from pollution, impairment and destruction.
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MI - Constitutional Provisions - State Lands
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Mich. Const. art. X § 5
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This section describes the State legislature's authority over all state land and the requirement that all departments that have supervision or control of any state land submit an annual report as to the status of such land to the legislature .
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MI - Counseling - Senate Bill 754 - Counseling Required for Juvenile Cruelty Convictions
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Michigan Senate Bill 754 (2000)
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This bill amends the Michigan anti-cruelty statutes such that the court shall order that an adjudicated juvenile be evaluated to determine the need for psychiatric or psychological treatment. If the court determines that psychiatric or psychological treatment is appropriate for that juvenile, the court may order that treatment.
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MI - Crimes - Duty to Enforce Provision
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MCL 750.52
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This statute provides that it is the duty of the officials involved in animal cruelty investigations to arrest and prosecute those committing the offenses where there is knowledge or reasonable notice of the acts. The failure or neglect by an officer involved to do so may result in a misdemeanor.
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MI - Cruelty - Consolidated Cruelty Statutes
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MI ST 750.49 and 750.50 et seq.
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The Michigan Legislature has designed three primary provisions related to cruelty to animals: intentional infliction of pain and suffering, duty to provide care, and anti-animal fighting. The intentional infliction of pain and suffering provision carries the most severe penalties for animal cruelty and a violation is automatically a felony. A violation of the duty to provide care provision is initially a misdemeanor, which becomes a felony for a second or subsequent violation. A violation of the anti-animal fighting provision is either a misdemeanor or a felony, depending on the severity of conduct related to fighting. The provision does not apply to the lawful killing of livestock or customary animal husbandry of livestock, or lawful fishing, hunting, trapping, wildlife control, pest or rodent control, and animal research.
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MI - Cruelty - Intentional Infliction of Pain and Suffering Provision
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MCL 750.50b
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This statute makes it an automatic felony punishable by a prison term of up to four years for the malicious and intentional torturing, maiming, poisoning or unjustified killing of any animal not excluded by statute. Among the exclusions are hunting, fishing, trapping, livestock husbandry, and scientific research.
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MI - Cruelty - Legislative Analysis
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HOUSE BILLS 4550-4552 (legislative analysis)
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This document is the legislative analysis for House Bills 4551 and 4552. The bills (now law) amend the penal laws (MCL 750.50) to revise the penalties for harming animals and allow for consecutive sentencing. Both bills would exempt veterinarians and veterinarian technicians from the prohibitions and penalties when lawfully engaging in the practice of veterinarian medicine. Under the new law, a court could order a term of imprisonment imposed for a violation prohibited under the bills to be served consecutively to a term of imprisonment imposed for any other crime including any other violation of law arising out of the same transaction.
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MI - Dangerous - Michigan Dangerous Dog Laws - Definitions
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MI ST 287.321 - 323
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This Michigan statute defines "dangerous animal," which means a dog or other animal that bites or attacks a person, or a dog that bites or attacks and causes serious injury or death to another dog while the other dog is on the property or under the control of its owner. However, a dangerous animal does not include any of the following: an animal that bites or attacks a person who is knowingly trespassing on the property of the animal's owner; an animal that bites or attacks a person who provokes or torments the animal; or an animal that is responding in a manner that an ordinary and reasonable person would conclude was designed to protect a person if that person is engaged in a lawful activity or is the subject of an assault.
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MI - Dogs - Assistance Animal/Guide Dog Laws
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MCL 287.291 and MCL 750.50a; MCL 752.52; 752.61 - 63; MCL 750.502c
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The following statutes comprise the state's relevant assistance animal and guide dog laws.
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MI - Dogs - Consolidated Dog Laws
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M.C.L. 287.261 - 395; 324.73101 - 42106
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The regulation of dogs and cats in Michigan implicates three major issues: licensing and registration of dogs; the regulation of animal control facilities and pet shops; and the ever-present concern of dog bites. The primary statutory vehicle that regulates the licensing requirements for dogs is the The Dog Law of 1919. Under the dog law, it is unlawful for any person to own a dog six months or older unless the dog is licensed. MCL § 287.262. It is also unlawful for a person to own a dog six months or older that does not wear a collar and tag at all times, except when engaged in hunting activities accompanied by his or her owner. MCL § 287.262. A female dog that is in heat may not go beyond her owner’s premises unless properly held on a leash under this section.
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MI - Endangered and Threatened Species Act of Michigan
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M. C. L. A. 324.36501 - 07
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The state of Michigan defines an endangered species as "any fish, plant life, or wildlife that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range, other than a species of insecta determined by the department or the Secretary of the United States Department of the Interior to constitute a pest whose protection under this part would present an overwhelming and overriding risk to humans." Violation of the taking provision constitutes a misdemeanor punishable up to 90-days in jail and/or up to $1,0000 in fines.
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MI - Equine Activity Liability Act
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MCLA 691.1661
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This statute sets out the liabilities for those that own and use horses: both commercial horse operations and horse shows. It limits liability of owners in certain circumstances.
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MI - Equine Liability Act
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MI ST 691.1661
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This act stipulates that an equine sponsor or professional, or any other person, is immune from liability for the death or injury of a participant, which resulted from the inherent risks of equine activities. However, there are exceptions to this rule: a person will be held liable for injuries if he or she commits a negligent act or omission that results in the proximate cause of injury or death, and if he or she fails to make reasonable and prudent efforts in ensuring the safety of the participant. In addition, a person will also be held liable for the injury of an equine activity participant if he or she is injured on the land or at a facility due to a dangerous latent condition of which was known to the equine sponsor, professional or other person.
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MI - Exotic Pets - Animal Industry; Large Carnivore Act
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MI ST 287.1101-1123
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This Michigan law bans acquisition and possession of large carnivores (big cats and bears), though it “grandfathered” animals already owned as pets at the time of the law's enactment. In order to maintain public safety and animal welfare, the state created a strict permit system for those owners who were allowed to keep their already-existing pets. The statute also outlines minimal care requirements, transportation guidelines, and procedures for when a large carnivore suspected of carrying rabies bites a human or livestock.
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MI - Exotic Pets - Chapter 287. Animal Industry; Wolf-dog Cross Act
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MI ST 287.1001-1023
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This Michigan law bans acquisition and possession of wolf-dog hybrids, though it “grandfathered” animals already owned as pets at the time of the law's enactments. In order to maintain public safety and animal welfare, the state created a strict permit system for those owners who were allowed to keep their already-existing pets.
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MI - Exotic Pets - Importation of species having potential to endanger life or property prohibited; importation of wild or exotic animals; requirements and prohibitions
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MI ST 287.731
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Michigan completely prohibits the importation into the state of “any species having the potential to spread serious diseases or parasites, to cause serious physical harm, or to otherwise endanger native wildlife, human life, livestock, domestic animals, or property.” For other wild or exotic animals, Michigan regulates various aspects of their importation, such as requiring physical exams by vets, negative disease tests, and proper animal care and restraint.
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MI - Fighting Generally - Anti-animal Fighting Provision
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MCL 750.49
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The anti-animal fighting provision prohibits conduct related to animal fighting, including but not limited to organizing or being a spectator at a fight and training or using animals for fighting.
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MI - Fish & Wildlife Law Enforcement - Enforcement of Laws by the Department of Natural Resources (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.1501-324.1609
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These sections lay out the powers, including the power to serve criminal process, and jurisdiction of conservation officers, peace officers, and volunteer conservation officers.
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MI - Fish & Wildlife, Generally Powers - Department of Natural Resources: General Powers and Duties (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.501 to MCL 324.507
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These sections lay out the creation, jurisdiction, powers and duties of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.
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MI - Fishing - Aquatic Species (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.45101 to MCL 324.45711
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These sections describe the regulations of fishing from inland waters and with hook and line. These sections also describe the regulations regarding the taking of frogs and mussels.
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MI - Fishing - Commercial Fishing (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.47301 to MCL 324.47335
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These sections describe the regulation of commercial fishing including the licenses required and the daily reports of fisherman's catches.
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MI - Fishing - Sport Fishing, part 1 (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.48701 - 324.48727
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These sections lay out the guidelines for sport fishing including legal fishing devices, the open season for each species as well as the minimum legal size requirement for each species of fish.
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MI - Fishing - Sport Fishing, part 2 (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.48728-324.48740
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These sections lay out the guidelines for sport fishing including legal fishing devices, the open season for each species as well as the minimum legal size requirement for each species of fish.
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MI - Forfeiture - Search and Seizure Provision
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MCL 750.53
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This statute provides that a person violating any of the animal cruelty statutes may be arrested without warrant, similar to the arrest of those found disturbing the peace. Further, the official making the arrest has a duty to seize the animals involved and place them in the custody of the jurisdiction.
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MI - Foxes - Regulation of Wildlife: Foxes In Captivity (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.43101 to MCL 324.43104
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These sections lay out the regulations and prohibited acts in regards to foxes in captivity.
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MI - Great Lakes - Great Lakes Basin Compact and Compact Commission (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.32101 to MCL 324.32206
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These sections describe the authorization of the compacts and the powers and duties of the commissioners of the Great Lakes compact commission and the Great Lakes Basin compact.
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MI - Habitat Protection - Inland Lakes and Streams (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.30101 to MCL 324.301113
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These sections describe the necessity and process of obtaining a permit to build a marina, canal or any other project that affects any inland lake, stream or bottomland.
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MI - Habitat Protection - Wetland Protection (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.30301 to MCL 324.30323
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These sections describe prohibited acts as well as permissible uses of land designated as wetlands. Municipal and wetland ordinances are also described.
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MI - Habitat Protection - Wilderness, Wild, and Natural Areas (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.35101 to MCL 324.35110
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These sections define, identify, and set guidelines for the protection of wilderness, wild, and/or natural areas.
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MI - Humane Slaughter - Humane Slaughter Michigan
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M.C.L.A. 287.551 - 556
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A typical state law that imposes the requirements of humane slaughter upon the commercial operations of the state. The law describes humane methods of slaughter, which include ritual slaughter methods. It also makes the statement that no slaughterer, packer or stockyard operator shall shackle, hoist or otherwise bring livestock into position for slaughter by any method which shall cause injury or pain. However, the director, by administrative order, may exempt from compliance with this act, for a period not to exceed 1 year after the effective date of this act, any slaughterer, packer or stockyard operator if he finds that an earlier compliance would cause such person an undue hardship. Any person who violates any provision of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
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MI - Hunting - Game Breeders and Dealers (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.42701 to MCL 324.42714
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These sections describe the licensing of and regulations of breeders and dealers, including zoological parks. These sections also describe the parameters for enclosures and pens.
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MI - Hunting - Hunter Harassment
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MCLA 324.40112
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This law makes it a crime to interfere or obstruct someone in the lawful taking of animals.
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MI - Hunting - Hunting Area Control (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.41901 to MCL 324.41905
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These sections describe the powers of the Department of Natural Resources to regulate and even to close areas to hunting.
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MI - Hunting - Limitation on Acreage (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.43301 to MCL 324.43303
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These sections place limitations on acreage held for sporting purposes and on acreage within 2 miles of other lands held for sporting purposes.
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MI - Hunting - Private Shooting Preserves (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.41701 to MCL 324.41712
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These sections set out the guidelines for private shooting preserves, including the species of wild animals and birds permitted to be hunted.
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MI - Hunting - Proposition 3 - A referendum on Public Act 160 of 2004 – an Act to allow the establishment of a hunting season for mourning doves.
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2006 Michigan Proposal 3
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In 2006, Michigan voters were presented with Proposal 3 that would have legalized the hunting of mourning doves by adding the species to the state game list. The measure was defeated by a 69 to 31 percent vote.
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MI - Hunting - Recreational Trespass (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.73101 to MCL 324.73301
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These sections describe the Department of Natural Resources ability to enforce and prosecute persons who enter upon the land of another, who remove or destroy signs or posters or enclose someone else's land without permission. These sections also describe the potential liability of landowners.
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MI - Hunting and Fishing Licenses - Hunting and Fishing Licenses, Part 1 (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.43501 to MCL 324.43531
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These sections describe the required licenses for each type of game animal or aquatic species.
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MI - Hunting and Fishing Licenses, Part 2 (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.43532 to MCL 324.43561
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These sections describe the required licenses for each type of game animal or aquatic species.
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MI - Impound - Disposal of animals; holding period; notice to owner; records
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MI ST 287.388
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This Michigan statute provides that a dealer, a county, city, village, or township operating a dog pound or animal shelter shall not sell or otherwise dispose of a dog or cat within 4 days after its acquisition. If the dog or cat has a collar, license, or other evidence of ownership, the operator of the pound or shelter shall notify the owner in writing and disposition of the animal shall not be made within 7 days from the date of mailing the notice.
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MI - Leash - Licensing and control of dogs; hunting dogs; female dogs in heat; straying dogs
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MI ST 287.262
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This section of the Dog Law of 1919 provides that any dog over six months must be registered and wear a collar at all times. It also mandates that female dogs in heat must be kept on their owners' premises or restrained on a leash. The overall leash requirement is less clear, stating that it is unlawful for an owner to allow a dog "to stray unless held properly in leash." This does appear to mandate a statewide leash requirement for dogs, however.
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MI - Lost Property - Lost Property Act
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M. C. L. A. 434.21 - 29
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This section comprises Michigan's Lost Property statutes.
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MI - Neglect - Duty to Provide Adequate Care Provision
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MI ST 750.50
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This statute sets out the Michigan duty of care for all vertebrate animals, including what define adequate food, water, and shelter. Also explained are the penalty and forfeiture provisions for violations of the statute. The exclusions under the statute include those animals used in hunting, fishing, trapping, horse racing, farming, zoos, and scientific research. The 2008 amendments revise the penalties for harming animals and allow for consecutive sentencing.
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MI - Ordinances - Animal control agency, establishment, employees, jurisdiction; county animal control ordinances, contents
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MI ST 287.289a
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This Michigan law provides that a board of county commissioners may establish, by ordinance, an animal control agency. The animal control agency shall have jurisdiction to enforce this act in any city, village or township which does not have an animal control ordinance. The county's animal control ordinance shall provide for animal control programs, facilities, personnel and necessary expenses incurred in animal control.
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MI - Ordinances - City, village, or township animal control ordinances, authorization, contents; proof of vaccination for rabies
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MI ST 287.290
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This Michigan statute enables a city, village or township to adopt an animal control ordinance to regulate the licensing, payment of claims and providing for the enforcement thereof.
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MI - Ordinances - Detroit and East Lansing Animal Control Ordinances
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Detroit - 6-1-1 - 6-5-30; East Lansing - 4-1 - 4-6
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These ordinances comprise the cities of Detroit and East Lansing, Michigan's animal control provisions.
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MI - Ordinances - General powers of city, ordinances; ordinances and regulations consistent with state laws and constitution
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MI ST 91.1
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This Michigan statute provides that a city incorporated under the provisions of this act has, and the council may pass ordinances relating to, the following general powers: To provide for the issuing of licenses to the owners and keepers of dogs and to require the owners and keepers of dogs to pay for and obtain such licenses; and to regulate and prevent the running at large of dogs, to require dogs to be muzzled, and to authorize the killing of dogs running at large or not licensed in violation of an ordinance of the city.
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MI - Pollution - Environmental Protection Act: Pollution (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.1701 to MCL 324.1706
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These sections lay out the process and standards to determine a pollution violation, actions for declaratory and equitable relief, the burden of proof, and affirmative defenses to such violations.
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MI - Service Animal - Leader Dog Provision
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MCL 750.50a
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This statute sets out the penalty for willful and malicious interference with guide dogs used by individuals defined by statute as blind, deaf, or physically limited. Under the statute, a first offense results in a misdemeanor conviction with penalty enhancement for subsequent convictions.
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MI - Service Animal - Police Dog or Horse Provision
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MCL 750.50c
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This statute outlines the penalty for the intentional physical harm or interference with a police dog or horse. The statute provides for a misdemeanor in the case of interference to the animal and a five-year felony where the animal was killed or seriously physically injured. If the interference was committed during the commission of another felony, then the penalty rises to a potential two-year imprisonment.
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MI - Statute of Limitations - Injuries to persons or property
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MI ST 600.5805
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This Michigan statute outlines the statute of limitations for injuries to persons or property. Under the statute, actions for malpractice have a two-year statute of limitation.
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MI - Trapping - Furs, Hides and Pelts (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.42501 to MCL 324.42507
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These sections describe the regulations for trapping for furs, hides and pelts. This includes the requirement for a fur dealer's license and for a monthly report of all pelts on hand.
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MI - Trusts - Trust for lawful noncharitable purposes; length of performance; trust for care of designated domestic or pet animal; validity; length; intent and extrinsic evidence
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MI ST 700.2722
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This Michigan statute provides that a trust for the care of a designated domestic or pet animal is valid (these trusts follow the terms for non-charitable trusts and thus, can be of a duration of up to 21 years). The trust terminates when no living animal is covered by the trust. Extrinsic evidence is admissible to prove the transferor's intent and the court may reduce the amount of the property transferred if it determines that that amount substantially exceeds the amount required for the intended use.
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MI - Veterinary - Part 188. Veterinary Medicine.
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MI ST 333.18801 - 18838
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These are the state's veterinary practice laws. Among the provisions include licensing requirements, laws concerning the state veterinary board, veterinary records laws, and the laws governing disciplinary actions for impaired or incompetent practitioners.
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MI - Wildlife Conservation - Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act
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MCL 324.40101 to MCL 324.40119
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These sections define game animals and lay out the regulations for taking/hunting them. Moreover, the statute clarifies that the animals are property of the people of the state and are managed by the state for their benefit.
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MI - Wildlife Conservation - Protection and Preservation of Fish, Game and Birds (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.41101 to MCL 324.41105
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These sections describe the regulatory powers of the Department of Natural Resources in issuing conservation orders protecting fish, game, and birds.
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MI - Wildlife Conservation - Wildlife Restoration (Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act)
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MCL 324.40501
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This Section describes the Department of Natural Resource's authority to co-operate with the federal government and to use hunters' license fees for wildlife restoration.
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