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Title Authorsort descending Citation Summary Type
Toward Reconciling Environmental and Animal Ethics: Northeast Wolf Reintroduction Reed Elizabeth Loder 10 J. Animal & Nat. Resource L. 95 Many conservation issues replicate the dialogue on wolf introduction and its aftermath, reflecting tension between animal and environmental ethics. This article focuses on the proposal to restore wolves to the role of top predator in the Northeastern United States. It offers ethical guidelines for use in predator restorations where group and individual perspectives chafe, aiming to promote dialogue between environmental and animal ethicists. Article
Breath of Life: Ethical Wind Power and Wildlife Reed Elizabeth Loder 10 Vt. J. Envtl. L. 507 (Spring, 2009)

From the article: This article examines the toll on wildlife associated with inland wind power generation, an issue ethically less amenable to balancing costs and advantages. I shall identify factors that should be considered in policy decisions on research, placement, and operation of wind facilities, providing some theoretical justifications for this ethical framework. Although I leave technical and legal analyses of wind policy largely to others, those perspectives inevitably implicate ethics. I contend that making explicit the ethical underpinnings of law and policy discussions results in a more reflective, deliberative process and more justified decisions.

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Emerging Issues in Municipal Ordinances Jacqueline M. Logan

Brief Summary of Emerging Issues in Municipal Ordinances
Jacqueline M. Logan (2013)

Topical Introduction
Overview of Emerging Issues in Municipal Ordinances Jacqueline M. Logan Animal Legal & Historical Center

This overview discusses emerging areas of animal control for local governments. Mandatory spay and neutering, feral cat management, declawing, retail sales of pets, breeding licenses, and tethering laws are analyzed, including the strengths and weaknesses of each ordinance.

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Brief Summary of Emerging Issues in Municipal Ordinances Jacqueline M. Logan Animal Legal & Historical Center

This summary covers the historic purpose of animal control in municipalities and how this has changed as the view of animals has evolved. The reasons behind state versus local control are explored as well as the issues typically covered by local laws.

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Detailed Discussion of Emerging Issues in Municipal Ordinances Jacqueline M. Logan Animal Legal & Historical Center

This paper will discuss those emerging areas that have recently cropped up in many municipalities throughout the United States and how municipalities have addressed these areas through passing of ordinances. Mandatory spay and neutering, feral cat management, declawing, retail sales of pets, breeding licenses, and tethering laws will be discussed, including the strengths and weaknesses of each ordinance. Additionally, suggestions for municipalities for how to construct their own ordinances in each of these areas are included.

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Detailed Discussion of Rhode Island Great Apes Laws Elizabeth Love Marcero Animal Legal & Historical Center

This discussion analyzes the laws relevant to the possession of great apes in Rhode Island. The paper examines categories of individuals who possess great apes including persons using them as pets, exhibitors, zoos, sanctuaries, and circuses.

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Detailed Discussion of Nevada Great Ape Laws Elizabeth Love Marcero Animal Legal & Historical Center The following article discusses Great Ape law in Nevada. Nevada does not have any laws that directly address the protection of great apes. While the state of Nevada controls possession and importation of native endangered species by law, great apes are not specifically identified or addressed. Nevada’s administrative code also exempts “monkeys and other primates” from the permitting requirements required for possession, transport, and sale of other wild animals. In addition to the lack of prohibition on private ownership of great apes, there is a list of commercial uses that are allowed. Like other states, Nevada does not define great apes as “endangered,” either under its own endangered species law or any regulations. Article
Detailed Discussion of Maine Great Ape Laws Elizabeth Love Marcero Animal Legal & Historical Center The following article discusses Maine Great Ape law. While Maine does not ban the private possession of great apes, the state only issues licenses to keep apes to a select few. The state of Maine controls possession and importation of great apes under its exotic pet law and accompanying regulations.Private possession of great apes in the state is allowed but quite limited. However, state law and accompanying regulations clearly allow the use of apes and other wild animals in exhibitions, wildlife rehabilitation, and research facilities. While these regulations specifically address the caging requirements for great apes, enforcement and inspection provisions are vague. As is true with many states, there is not an overall law that directly addresses the possession of apes or the specific needs of apes in captivity. Article
Detailed Discussion of Pennsylvania Great Ape Laws Elizabeth Love Marcero Animal Legal & Historical Center The following article discusses Great Ape law in Pennsylvania. While the state of Pennsylvania controls possession and importation of “exotic wildlife” by law, the definition of “exotic wildlife” is vague as to whether it includes great apes. Instead, Pennsylvania regulates the possession of great apes by administrative regulation and reference to the federal endangered species list. In addition, Pennsylvania’s administrative code addresses the commercial use of great apes in menageries with a USDA Class C Exhibitor permit.Like other states, Pennsylvania does not define great apes as “endangered” under its own endangered species law. It does, however, define endangered and threatened species to include federally listed endangered and threatened species under its accompanying regulation. Finally, great apes are covered under the state’s anti-cruelty law. Article

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