1 Name of Act
This Act is the Domestic Animals Act 2000.
3 Dictionary
The dictionary at the end of this Act is part of this Act.
Note 1 The dictionary at the end of this Act defines certain words and expressions, and includes references (signpost definitions) to other words and expressions defined elsewhere in this Act.
For example, the signpost definition ‘permit, for part 3 (Dogs and Cats)—see section 73 (Meaning of de-sex and permit for pt 3).’ means the expression ‘permit’ is defined in section 73 and applies to part 3.
Note 2 A definition in the dictionary (including a signpost definition) applies to the entire Act unless the definition, or another provision of the Act, provides otherwise or the contrary intention otherwise appears (see Legislation Act, s 155 and s 156 (1)).
4 Notes
A note included in this Act is explanatory and is not part of this Act.
Note See the Legislation Act, s 127 (1), (4) and (5) for the legal status of notes.
4A Offences against Act—application of Criminal Code etc
Other legislation applies in relation to offences against this Act.
Note 1 Criminal Code
The Criminal Code, ch 2 applies to the following offences against this Act (see Code, pt 2.1):
· s 15 (Tag offences)
· s 50A (Allowing dangerous dog to harass etc)
· s 74 (Dogs and cats to be de-sexed if over certain age)
· s 74A (Sale of older dogs and cats to be notified if not de-sexed)
· s 82 (Cats in breach of cat curfew)
· s 84 (Identification of dogs and cats—requirement)
· s 84A (Multiple cat licences—requirement to be licensed).
The chapter sets out the general principles of criminal responsibility (including burdens of proof and general defences), and defines terms used for offences to which the Code applies (eg conduct, intention, recklessness and strict liability).
Note 2 Penalty units
The Legislation Act, s 133 deals with the meaning of offence penalties that are expressed in penalty units.
Part 2 Dogs
Division 2.1 Registration of dogs
5 Register
(1) The registrar must set up and keep a register for this Act.
(2) The registrar may keep the register in a form the registrar considers suitable.
6 Registration—applications
(1) An individual who is a keeper of a dog may apply to the registrar for registration of the dog.
(2) If the applicant is less than 16 years old and resides with a parent or guardian, a written consent to the registration by the applicant’s parent or guardian must accompany the application.
7 Registration—approval or refusal
If an application for registration has been made in accordance with section 6, the registrar must, by written notice to the applicant—
(a) register the dog; or
(b) refuse to register the dog if the applicant is disqualified from keeping the dog, any dog, a dog of that kind or any animal.
Note Section 138A deals with the disqualification of a person from keeping an animal.
8 Registration—records
If the registrar registers a dog, the registrar must record in the register the information prescribed by regulation.
9 Registration—duration
The registration of a dog remains in force for the lifetime of the dog unless it is sooner surrendered or cancelled.
11 Registration numbers, certificates and tags
(1) If the registrar registers a dog, the registrar must—
(a) allot a registration number to the dog; and
(b) give to the keeper of the dog a registration certificate and registration tag for the dog.
(2) A registration certificate for a dog must state the information prescribed by regulation.
(3) A registration tag for a dog must show the registration number given to the dog.
(4) If the registrar is satisfied that a registration certificate or tag for a dog has been stolen, lost, damaged or destroyed, the registrar may issue a new registration certificate or tag to the keeper of the dog.
(5) If the keeper of a dog asks the registrar for a certified copy of the dog’s registration certificate, the registrar must give the keeper a copy of the certificate that is certified by the registrar to be a true copy.
12 Change of keeper
(1) If ownership of a dog is transferred, a person who was a keeper of the dog before the transfer must tell the registrar in writing of the name and address of the new owner of the dog within 14 days beginning the day after the transfer.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
Note For how documents may be given, see the Legislation Act, pt 19.5.
(2) If a person becomes a keeper of a dog (the new keeper) for a period likely to be longer than 28 days, the person must tell the registrar in writing that the person is the keeper of the dog within 14 days beginning the day after becoming the keeper.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(3) If the new keeper tells the registrar under subsection (2) about a registered dog, the registrar must—
(a) change the entry in the register relating to the dog by substituting, for the name and address of the person stated as the keeper of the dog, the name and address of the new keeper; and
(b) issue a registration certificate for the dog to the new keeper.
13 Registration—cancellation
(1) If the keeper of a dog tells the registrar in writing that he or she is no longer the keeper of the dog, the registrar must cancel the registration of the dog.
Note For how documents may be given, see the Legislation Act, pt 19.5.
(2) If the registered keeper of a dog is disqualified from keeping the dog, any dog, a dog of that kind or any animal, the registrar must cancel the registration of the dog.
Note Section 138A deals with the disqualification of a person from keeping an animal.
14 Unregistered dogs
(1) A person must not keep—
(a) an unregistered dog; or
(b) a registered dog of which the person is not the registered keeper.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) Subsection (1) (a) does not apply if—
(a) the dog is under 56 days old; or
(b) the dog has been kept by the person for less than 28 days; or
(c) the person has been resident in the ACT for less than 28 days.
(3) Subsection (1) (b) does not apply if the registered keeper is unable to care for the dog and the person is caring for the dog on a temporary basis.
15 Tag offences
(1) The keeper or carer of a registered dog commits an offence if—
(a) the keeper or carer is with the dog on private premises (other than premises occupied by the keeper or carer); and
(b) the dog is not wearing its registration tag or another tag that shows its registration number.
Maximum penalty: 3 penalty units.
(2) The keeper or carer of a registered dog must not be in a public place with the dog if the dog is not wearing its registration tag or another tag that shows its registration number.
Maximum penalty: 3 penalty units.
(3) The keeper of a registered dog commits an offence if the dog—
(a) is in a public place or on private premises (other than premises occupied by the keeper); and
(b) is not with a carer; and
(c) is not wearing its registration tag or another tag that shows its registration number.
Maximum penalty: 3 penalty units.
(4) A person must not take off a dog the dog’s registration tag, or another tag that shows the dog’s registration number, if the person does not have the consent of the dog’s keeper.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(5) The keeper of a dog must not allow the dog to wear—
(a) a registration tag that was not issued for the dog; or
(b) another tag that purports to show the dog’s registration number if the number is not the dog’s registration number.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(6) An offence against this section is a strict liability offence.
(7) Subsections (1), (2) and (3) do not apply if the dog is not wearing its registration tag, or another tag that shows its registration number—
(a) on the advice of a veterinary surgeon given for the dog’s health or welfare; or
(b) in circumstances approved, in writing, by the registrar.
16 Change of address
(1) If the address of a registered keeper changes, the keeper must tell the registrar, in writing, of the new address within 14 days beginning the day after the change.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) If the address where a registered dog is kept changes, the registered keeper must give the registrar a written notice stating the new address within 14 days beginning the day after the change.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
17 Evidence of registration or non-registration
(1) A registration certificate or a certified copy of a registration certificate issued under section 11 (Registration numbers, certificates and tags) is evidence that the dog described in it is, or was, registered for the period mentioned in the certificate or copy.
(2) If the registrar certifies in writing that on a day, or during a time, stated in the certificate, a person mentioned in the certificate—
(a) was the registered keeper of a dog mentioned in the certificate; or
(b) was not the registered keeper of—
(i) a dog mentioned in the certificate; or
(ii) a dog;
the certificate is evidence of the fact.
(3) A document that purports to be—
(a) a registration certificate; or
(b) a certified copy of a registration certificate issued under section 11; or
(c) a certificate mentioned in subsection (2);
is, unless the contrary is proved, to be taken to be a certificate or a certified copy of a certificate and to have been properly given or issued.
Division 2.2 Keeping 4 or more dogs
18 Requirement to be licensed
(1) A person must not, other than in accordance with a multiple dog licence, keep 4 or more dogs on 1 residential premises.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to—
(a) a dog under 84 days old; or
(b) a dog kept by the person for less than 28 days; or
(c) a person resident in the ACT for less than 28 days; or
(d) a dog that is an assistance animal; or
(e) a dog kept on land that is under a lease granted for agricultural or grazing purposes; or
(f) a dog kept on land that is under a lease that allows for an animal care facility.
19 Multiple dog licences—applications
A person may apply to the registrar for a licence to keep 4 or more dogs on 1 residential premises (a multiple dog licence).
20 Multiple dog licences—approval or refusal
(1) If an application for a multiple dog licence is made under section 18 (Requirement to be licensed), the registrar must—
(a) approve the issue of a licence; or
(b) refuse to approve the issue of a licence.
(2) The registrar must refuse to issue a multiple dog licence unless satisfied that—
(a) the yard and associated facilities are adequately ventilated and constructed in a way to allow them to be kept in a sanitary condition; and
(b) appropriate arrangements exist for the sanitary disposal of waste; and
(c) the applicant can otherwise comply with the requirements of the Animal Welfare Act 1992 and any approved code of practice under that Act.
(3) In making a decision under this section, the registrar must consider the following:
(a) the number and kind of dogs to which the application relates;
(b) the size and nature of the premises where the dogs are proposed to be kept;
(c) the security of the premises;
(d) the suitability of facilities for keeping the dogs on the premises;
(e) the potential impact on the occupiers of neighbouring premises;
(f) any conviction or finding of guilty of the applicant within the last 10 years against a law of a Territory or State for an offence relating to the welfare, keeping or control of an animal.
(4) Subsection (3) does not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
21 Multiple dog licences—conditions
(1) The registrar may issue a multiple dog licence on conditions stated in the licence.
(2) In making a decision whether or not to impose a condition on a multiple dog licence, the registrar must consider the following:
(a) the number and kind of dogs to which the application relates;
(b) the size and nature of the premises where it is proposed to keep the dogs;
(c) the potential impact on the occupiers of neighbouring premises.
(3) The conditions may include the following:
(a) the confining of each dog in a yard that will allow the dog adequate freedom of movement;
(b) no part of the yard being closer than 2m from a boundary fence;
(c) there being sufficient shelter for each dog.
(4) Subsection (2) does not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
Division 2.3 Dangerous dogs
22 Declarations—dangerous dogs
(1) The registrar must declare a dog to be a dangerous dog if—
(a) the dog has been trained as a guard dog, or is kept as a guard dog for guarding premises other than residential premises; or
(b) a decision has been made under a law of a State in relation to the dog, the effect of which is comparable to a declaration under this section.
(2) The registrar may declare a dog to be a dangerous dog if the dog has attacked or harassed a person or animal.
(3) In making a decision under subsection (2), the registrar must consider the circumstances surrounding the attack or harassment.
(4) Subsection (3) does not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
(5) If the registrar makes a declaration under this section, the registrar must give written notice to a keeper of the dog.
Note For how documents may be given, see the Legislation Act, pt 19.5.
(6) The notice must—
(a) contain a statement to the effect that the registrar has declared the dog to be a dangerous dog; and
(b) describe the obligations of a keeper of a dangerous dog under this Act; and
(c) if the declaration is made while the dog is impounded—contain a statement to the effect that the dog may be sold or destroyed after 7 days beginning on the day after the keeper is given the notice unless, within that 7 days, an application is made for a dangerous dog licence.
23 Licensing of keepers of dangerous dogs
(1) A person must not, without reasonable excuse, keep a dangerous dog except in accordance with a dangerous dog licence.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units.
(2) This section does not apply to a dangerous dog that is temporarily kept by a veterinary surgeon or at an animal boarding facility.
24 Dangerous dog licences—applications
(1) An adult may apply to the registrar for a licence to keep a dangerous dog.
(2) An application must state—
(a) the registration number of the dog; and
(b) the premises where the applicant intends to keep the dog.
25 Dangerous dog licences—approval or refusal
(1) If an application for a dangerous dog licence is made under section 24, the registrar must, by written notice to the applicant—
(a) approve the issue of a licence; or
(b) refuse to approve the issue of a licence.
(2) In making a decision under this section, the registrar must consider the following:
(a) the size and nature of the premises where the applicant intends to keep the dog;
(b) the security of the premises;
(c) the suitability of facilities for keeping the dog on the premises;
(d) the potential impact on the occupiers of neighbouring premises;
(e) any conviction or finding of guilty of the applicant within the last 10 years for an offence against a law of a Territory or State relating to the welfare, keeping or control of an animal;
(f) the likelihood of harm being caused to any member of the public or an animal.
(3) The registrar may approve the application only if the dog has been identified by implanted microchip.
(4) Also, if the application is made after the dog was seized under division 2.7 (Seizing dogs and dealing with them) and the dog is declared to be a dangerous dog after it was seized, the registrar may approve the application only if section 62 (3), section 63 (3) or section 64 (3) applies to the offence for which the dog was seized.
(5) Subsection (2) does not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
26 Dangerous dog licences—conditions
(1) The registrar may issue a dangerous dog licence on conditions stated in the licence.
(2) The conditions may include the following:
(a) the confining of the dog to the premises where the dog is kept under the licence;
(b) the dog leaving the premises;
(c) requiring the keeper and dog to complete an approved course in behavioural or socialisation training for the dog.
27 Dangerous dogs in public places
(1) A carer must not, without reasonable excuse, be in a public place with a dangerous dog unless it is wearing a muzzle.
Maximum penalty: 10 penalty units.
(2) A keeper of a dangerous dog must not, without reasonable excuse, allow the dog to be in a public place without the keeper or someone else who is in charge of the dog.
Maximum penalty: 10 penalty units.
28 Signs on premises about dangerous dogs
(1) The registrar may issue a warning sign to a keeper of a dangerous dog.
(2) If the registrar issues a warning sign, the keeper of the dog must ensure that the warning sign is displayed at the premises where the dog is kept so that it can be readily seen by a person about to enter the premises through a gate or door.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(3) In this section:
door does not include a door that is used for access to a building ordinarily used as a residence.
Division 2.4 General provisions about multiple dog and dangerous dog licences
29 Meaning of special licence for div 2.4
In this division:
special licence means a multiple dog licence or a dangerous dog licence.
30 Form of special licences
A special licence must state—
(a) the name of the licensee; and
(b) the registration number of each dog to which the licence relates; and
(c) the address of the premises to which the licence relates; and
(d) any conditions of the licence.
31 Special licences—duration
(1) A multiple dog licence remains in force for 1 year unless sooner surrendered or cancelled.
(2) A dangerous dog licence remains in force for a period not longer than 12 months stated in the licence unless sooner surrendered or cancelled.
32 Special licences—renewals
(1) The holder of a special licence may apply to the registrar for renewal of the licence.
(2) If the holder of a special licence applies for renewal of the licence, the registrar must renew the licence.
33 Variation of special licences
(1) On application by the holder of a special licence, the registrar may vary the licence.
(2) The registrar may vary a special licence on the registrar’s own initiative if the registrar is satisfied that it is in the public interest to do so.
(3) Before varying a special licence on the registrar’s own initiative, the registrar must give the licensee a written notice—
(a) stating how the registrar proposes to vary the licence; and
(b) stating the reasons why the registrar proposes to vary the licence; and
(c) telling the licensee that the licensee may give a written response to the registrar about the matters stated in the notice within 14 days beginning the day after receiving the notice.
Note For how documents may be given, see the Legislation Act, pt 19.5.
(4) In making a decision under subsection (1) or (2), the registrar must consider—
(a) for a multiple dog licence—the matters mentioned in section 20 (4) (Multiple dog licences—approval or refusal); and
(b) for a dangerous dog licence—the matters mentioned in section 25 (5) (Dangerous dog licences—approval or refusal); and
(c) any breach of the conditions of the licence.
(5) In making a decision whether to vary the special licence on the registrar’s own initiative, the registrar must consider any response given to the registrar in accordance with subsection (3) (c).
(6) Subsections (4) and (5) do not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
(7) The registrar must refuse to vary a multiple dog licence if the registrar would be obliged under section 20 (3) (Multiple dog licences—approval or refusal) to refuse to issue the licence as varied.
(8) The registrar must give the licensee written notice of the registrar’s decision.
(9) A variation of a special licence takes effect on the day notice of the variation is given to the licensee or, if the notice provides for a later day of effect, that day.
(10) In this section:
vary, for a multiple dog licence, includes substituting a dog for another dog.
34 Endorsement of variations
(1) The holder of a varied special licence must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to return the licence to the registrar within 7 days beginning the day after the variation takes effect.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) The registrar must endorse the variation on the licence, and return it to the licensee, as soon as possible after the return of the special licence.
35 Surrender of special licences
(1) The holder of a special licence may surrender the licence by filling in the appropriate endorsement on the licence and giving it to the registrar.
(2) The surrender of a special licence takes effect from the day when the endorsed licence is given to the registrar or, if a later day is stated in the endorsement, the later day.
36 Cancellation of special licences
(1) The registrar may cancel a special licence if—
(a) the registrar becomes aware of circumstances that, if the registrar had been aware of them at the time of the application for the licence, would have resulted in the application being refused; or
(b) the licensee contravenes a condition of the licence; or
(c) the licence was obtained by a false or misleading statement.
(2) Before cancelling a special licence, the registrar must give the licensee a written notice—
(a) stating the grounds on which the registrar proposes to cancel the licence; and
(b) stating the facts that, in the registrar’s opinion, establish the grounds; and
(c) telling the licensee that the licensee may give a written response to the registrar about the matters in the notice, within 14 days beginning the day after receiving the notice.
(3) In deciding whether to cancel the licence, the registrar must consider any response given to the registrar in accordance with subsection (2) (c).
(4) The registrar must give the licensee written notice of the registrar’s decision.
(5) Cancellation of a special licence takes effect on the day notice of the cancellation is given to the licensee or, if the notice provides for a later day of effect, that day.
37 Return of special licences
If a person whose special licence has been cancelled is asked by the registrar, by written notice, to return the licence, the person must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to return the licence to the registrar within 7 days beginning the day after the notice is given to the person.
Maximum penalty: 10 penalty units.
38 Cancellation or disqualification from holding a special licence
(1) If a person is convicted or found guilty of an animal welfare offence or an offence against this Act (other than an excluded offence), the court may cancel a special licence held by the person or disqualify the person from holding a special licence for a period decided by the court.
(2) In making a decision under subsection (1), the court must consider—
(a) the acts or omissions of the person constituting the offence; and
(b) any conviction or finding of guilty of the applicant within the last 10 years for an offence against a law of a Territory or State relating to the welfare, keeping or control of an animal.
(3) Subsection (2) does not limit the matters that the court may consider.
(4) If the court cancels or disqualifies a person from holding a special licence, the court must give particulars of the cancellation or disqualification to the registrar.
39 Applying for special licences if disqualified
A person must not apply for a special licence if the person is disqualified from holding a special licence.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units, imprisonment for 6 months or both.
Division 2.5 Control of dogs
40 Declaration—exercise areas
(1) The Minister may, in writing, declare an area of land or water to be an exercise area under this Act.
(2) A declaration may provide that an area is an exercise area for all or stated animals.
(3) A declaration under this section is a disallowable instrument.
Note A disallowable instrument must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act.
41 Prohibited areas
(1) The Minister may declare an area of land or water to be an area where dogs are prohibited.
(2) An area declared under subsection (1) may include all or part of an exercise area for stated animals.
(3) A declaration is a disallowable instrument.
Note A disallowable instrument must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act.
(4) If the Minister declares a prohibited area, the Minister must erect a sign or signs identifying the area as a prohibited area.
(5) A person must not take a dog into a prohibited area.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(6) In a proceeding for an offence against subsection (5), a sign is taken to have been erected with the Minister’s authority unless the contrary is proved.
42 Prohibited places
(1) A person must not take a dog into the grounds of a child-care centre, preschool or primary school unless—
(a) a keeper of the dog resides in the grounds; or
(b) the dog is taken into the grounds with the permission of the principal or person in charge of the child-care centre, preschool or primary school.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) A person must not take a dog into the grounds of a high school or secondary college during school hours or when school sport, including sport training, is being conducted unless—
(a) a keeper of the dog resides in the grounds; or
(b) the dog is taken into the grounds with the permission of the principal or person in charge of the high school or secondary college.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(3) A person must not take a dog onto a field or playing area where sport is being played or training for sport is being conducted.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(4) A person must not take a dog into a public place that is within 10m of—
(a) anything designed for play by children in the public place if children are playing on it; or
(b) a fireplace or heating appliance in the public place designed for cooking food; or
(c) a swimming area as defined by a sign erected, placed or displayed under the Lakes Act 1976, section 15 (a) (v).
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(5) In this section:
dog does not include an assistance animal that is with a person with a disability.
public place means any unleased territory land that the public is entitled to use or that is open to, or used by, the public, and includes any street, road, lane, thoroughfare, footpath, or place that is territory land open to, or used by, the public.
43 Prohibited areas—permits
(1) The registrar may permit a person mentioned in the permit to take a particular dog into a particular prohibited area at the times stated in the permit.
(2) In making a decision under subsection (1), the registrar must consider the opinion of the conservator of flora and fauna about the impact on the environment if the permit were issued.
(3) Subsection (2) does not limit the matters that the registrar may consider.
(4) A permit may be issued on conditions.
(5) A permit—
(a) takes effect on the day stated in the permit; and
(b) unless sooner revoked, remains in force for the period of not longer than 1 year stated in the permit.
44 Dogs in public places to be restrained
(1) A carer must not be in a public place with a dog that is not restrained by a leash, unless the person is in an area designated as an area where dogs are not required to be restrained by a leash.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) A keeper must not be in a public place with a dog that is not restrained by a leash, unless the person is in an area designated as an area where dogs are not required to be restrained by a leash.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(3) The keeper of a dog commits an offence if the dog—
(a) is in a public place; and
(b) is not with a carer.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(4) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to a dog that is under the control of a person and is—
(a) in an exercise area declared under section 40 (Declaration—exercise areas); or
(b) a working dog working livestock; or
(c) taking part in—
(i) a dog show, field trial or obedience trial; or
(ii) a dramatic performance or other entertainment.
(5) In a prosecution for an offence against subsection (3), it is a defence if the defendant proves that the defendant took reasonable steps to prevent a contravention of the subsection.
45 Dogs on private premises to be restrained
(1) A carer must not be on private premises with a dog that is not restrained by a leash unless the person has the consent of the occupier of the premises.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the carer is on premises occupied by the keeper of the dog.
(3) The keeper of a dog must not be on private premises with a dog that is not restrained by a leash unless the keeper has the consent of the occupier of the premises.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(4) Subsection (3) does not apply if the keeper is on premises occupied by a carer of the dog.
(5) The keeper of a dog commits an offence if the dog is on private premises and is not with a carer, unless the keeper has the consent of the occupier of the premises.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(6) In a prosecution for an offence against subsection (1), (3) or (5), it is evidence that the occupier of premises did not consent if an authorised person gives evidence that, at the time of the offence, the occupier told the authorised person that the occupier did not consent.
(7) In a prosecution for an offence against subsection (1), (3) or (5), it is a defence if the defendant proves that the defendant took reasonable steps to prevent a contravention of the subsection.
46 Removal of faeces
(1) The carer of a dog must hygienically dispose of any faeces dropped by the dog in a public place or in a stormwater drain or channel (whether on public or private land).
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) The carer of a dog must not take the dog into a public place or a stormwater drain or channel (whether on public or private land) unless the carer carries equipment suitable for the hygienic disposal of faeces dropped by the dog.
Maximum penalty: 1 penalty unit.
47 Female dogs on heat
(1) A keeper or carer of a female dog must not, without reasonable excuse, allow the dog to enter or remain in a public place if the dog is on heat.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) This section does not apply if the dog is—
(a) confined in a motor vehicle in a public place; or
(b) under the control of the keeper or carer and taking part in—
(i) a dog show, field trial or obedience trial; or
(ii) a dramatic performance or other entertainment.
(3) In a prosecution for an offence against this section, it is not a defence that the dog was under the control of a competent person.
48 Greyhounds
(1) A carer must not be in a public place with a greyhound that is not wearing a muzzle.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(2) A keeper of a greyhound must not allow the greyhound to be in a public place unless it is wearing a muzzle and is with a carer.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(3) The requirement in subsection (1) and subsection (2) that a greyhound wear a muzzle does not apply if the greyhound and its keeper have completed a course in behaviour or socialisation training approved by the registrar.
(4) A carer must not be in a public place holding 4 or more greyhound dogs by way of a leash or leashes.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(5) If a carer contravenes subsection (4), the keeper of each of the dogs commits an offence.
Maximum penalty: 5 penalty units.
(6) In a prosecution for an offence against subsection (1) or (2), it is a defence if the defendant proves that the defendant took reasonable steps to prevent a contravention of the subsection.
Division 2.6 Attacking or harassing dogs
49 Harassment of people and animals by dogs
(1) A dog is taken to harass a person if, because of its behaviour, the person reasonably fears that the dog is about to attack the person without provocation.
(2) A dog is taken to harass an animal if the dog hunts or torments the animal.
50 Offences of attacking or harassing
(1) A carer with a dog must not, without reasonable excuse, allow the dog to attack or harass a person or animal.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units.
(2) The keeper of a dog commits an offence if the dog attacks or harasses a person or animal when it is not with a carer.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units.
(3) In a prosecution for an offence against subsection (2), it is a defence if—
(a) the defendant establishes that the person or animal provoked the dog; or
(b) the person or animal was attacked or harassed because the dog came to the aid of its keeper, or another person or animal that the dog could reasonably be expected to protect; or
(c) if the attack or harassment was on premises occupied by the defendant, the defendant establishes that—
(i) the person was on the premises without reasonable excuse; or
(ii) the person failed to take reasonable care for the person’s own safety.
(4) If the keeper or a carer of a dog is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence against this section—
(a) the court must order that the dog be destroyed, unless satisfied there are special circumstances that justify not doing so; or
(b) if the court is satisfied that there are special circumstances—
(i) declare the dog to be a dangerous dog; and
(ii) order the dog and its keeper complete an approved course in behavioural or socialisation training for the dog.
50A Allowing dangerous dog to harass etc
(1) The keeper of a dangerous dog commits an offence if—
(a) the keeper does or omits to do something; and
(b) the act or omission results in the dog attacking or harassing a person or animal.
Maximum penalty: 100 penalty units, imprisonment for 1 year or both.
(2) This section does not apply if—
(a) the person or animal provoked the dog; or
(b) the person or animal was attacked or harassed because the dog came to the aid of its keeper, or another person or animal that the dog could reasonably be expected to protect; or
(c) the attack or harassment was on premises occupied by the defendant and—
(i) the person was on the premises without reasonable excuse; or
(ii) the person failed to take reasonable care for the person’s own safety.
(3) If the keeper of a dog is convicted, or found guilty, of an offence against this section the court must order that the dog be destroyed, unless satisfied there are special circumstances that justify not doing so.
(4) However, if the court is satisfied that there are special circumstances, the court must order that the dog and its keeper complete an approved course in behavioural or socialisation training for the dog.
51 Encouraging dogs to attack or harass
(1) A person must not, without reasonable excuse, knowingly encourage a dog to attack or harass someone else or an animal.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units.
(2) This section does not apply if—
(a) the defendant reasonably believed the animal to be vermin; and
(b) the defendant was on the land with the lessee’s consent.
52 Costs of impounding dogs
(1) This section applies in relation to a prosecution of a person for an offence against section 50 (1) or (2), section 50A or section 51 in relation to a dog.
(2) If the court convicts the person, or finds the person guilty, of the offence, the costs of impounding the dog are payable to the Territory by the keeper of the dog.
(3) If the court finds the complaint to be frivolous or vexatious, the costs of impounding the dog are payable to the Territory by the complainant.
53 Destruction of attacking dogs
(1) A person may destroy a dog that attacks the person if the destruction of the dog is necessary to bring the attack to an end.
(2) A person may destroy a dog found attacking someone else or an animal if the destruction of the dog is necessary to bring the attack to an end.
(3) A person may destroy a dog found in an enclosed field if the person reasonably believes that an animal confined in the field has just been killed, injured or attacked by the dog.
(4) Subsection (3) does not apply if the dog cannot move freely about the field because of a leash or other form of restraint.
(5) In this section:
field includes a paddock, yard or other place.
54 Inspection of attacking or harassing dogs
(1) An authorised person or police officer may ask a keeper or carer of a dog to produce the dog for inspection if the authorised person or police officer reasonably believes that the dog has attacked or harassed a person or animal.
(2) A keeper or carer of a dog must not, without reasonable excuse, fail to comply with the request.
Maximum penalty: 50 penalty units.
55 Compensation for injuries etc caused by dogs
(1) This section applies if—
(a) a dog attacks or harasses a person and the person suffers personal injury or property damage because of the attack or harassment; or
(b) a dog attacks or harasses an animal and the animal dies or is injured because of the attack or harassment.
(2) The keeper of the dog is liable to pay to the person, or the owner of the animal, compensation for any loss or expense because of the attack or harassment.
(3) Compensation may be recovered—
(a) whether or not a prosecution for an offence against this Act has been brought against the keeper of the dog in relation to the attack or harassment; and
(b) if a prosecution for an offence against this Act has been brought against the keeper—even if the keeper has been acquitted of the offence.
(4) In a proceeding for compensation under this section for loss or expense by a person (the plaintiff) for personal injury or property damage, it is a defence for the defendant to prove that—
(a) the attack or harassment happened to the plaintiff while the plaintiff was, without reasonable excuse, on premises occupied by the defendant; or
(b) the plaintiff failed to take reasonable care for his or her own safety; or
(c) the plaintiff provoked the dog.
(5) In a proceeding for compensation under this section for the death or injury of an animal, it is a defence for the defendant to prove that the attack or harassment happened to the animal while it was on premises occupied by the defendant or that the animal had provoked the dog.
(6) This section does not affect any right that a person has to recover damages or compensation apart from this section.
55A Access to information about dog attacks
(1) This section applies if—
(a) the registrar is satisfied that a person (the victim) has suffered injury or other loss because a dog has attacked or harassed the victim or the victim’s animal; and
(b) the registrar holds information about the attack or harassment; and
(c) the information would help the victim identify the owner of the dog.
(2) If an application is made by a relevant person to the registrar for access to the information, the registrar must give the applicant the information.
Note If a form is approved under s 147 for this provision, the form must be used.
(3) Each of the following is a relevant person:
(a) the victim;
(b) the victim’s legal representative;
(c) if the victim does not have legal capacity—the victim’s parent or guardian;
(d) anyone the registrar reasonably believes is a person mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (c).
Division 2.7 Seizing dogs and dealing with them
56 Seizure of dogs—general
An authorised person may seize a dog if—
(a) the dog is in a prohibited area in contravention of section 41 (Prohibited areas); or
(b) the dog is not restrained in contravention of section 44 (1), (2) or (3) (Dogs in public places to be restrained) or section 45 (1) or (3) (Dogs on private premises to be restrained); or
(c) the dog is a greyhound in a public place in contravention of section 48 (Greyhounds); or
(d) the dog is on premises occupied by a person other than the keeper of the dog and the occupier asks an authorised person to seize the dog; or
(e) a court has ordered that the dog be destroyed under section 50 (4) (a) (Offences of attacking or harassing); or
(f) the keeper has contravened a condition under section 70 (4) (Returning seized dog to its keeper); or
(g) the keeper is disqualified from keeping the dog under section 138A (1) (Disqualification from keeping animals).
57 Seizure—dangerous dogs
An authorised person may seize a dangerous dog—
(a) if—
(i) the keeper of the dog has contravened a condition of a dangerous dog licence in force for the dog; and
(ii) the authorised person reasonably believes, having regard to the safety of the public, that the contravention justifies the seizure; or
(b) if a dangerous dog licence is not in force for the dog; or
(c) if the dangerous dog licence in force for the dog is cancelled.
58 Seizure—contravention of multiple dog licence
An authorised person may seize a dog that is being kept with 3 or more other dogs in contravention of section 18 (Requirement to be licensed).
59 Seizure—attacking and harassing dogs
An authorised person may seize a dog if the authorised person suspects on reasonable grounds that the dog has attacked or harassed a person or an animal.
60 Impounding of dogs seized
(1) The registrar must—
(a) impound a seized dog; and
(b) make reasonable inquiries to find out who is the keeper of the dog; and
(c) if the registrar can find out who is the dog’s keeper—give oral or written notice to the keeper, in accordance with section 61, about the dog’s seizure.
(2) The registrar may give the notice by telephone.
61 Information to be given in notice of dog’s seizure
If a dog is seized under this part, the notice of seizure under section 60 (1) (c) must give information about the following:
(a) when and where the dog was seized;
(b) the reason the dog was seized;
(c) where the dog may be claimed;
(d) if the dog is not registered—registration of the dog, including the cost of registration;
(e) if the keeper does not hold a dangerous dog licence or multiple dog licence for the dog and the licence is required for the dog—the relevant licence, including the cost of the licence;
(f) if the dog’s keeper holds a dangerous dog licence for the dog—the conditions of the licence and that the conditions may be varied or cancelled;
(g) the fee payable for the release of the dog;
(h) that the dog may be sold or destroyed if it is not claimed;
(i) the period in which the dog may be claimed before it may be sold or destroyed;
(j) that the keeper may relinquish ownership of the dog.
62 Releasing dogs seized under general seizure power
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under section 56 (Seizure of dogs—general) unless the dog is declared to be a dangerous dog after it was seized.
Note Section 65 deals with the release of a dog declared to be dangerous after it is seized.
(2) The registrar must release the dog to a person claiming its release if, but only if, the registrar is satisfied—
(a) the person claiming its release is the dog’s keeper; and
(b) the dog is registered; and
(c) the premises where the dog will be kept are secure enough to prevent the dog escaping; and
(d) if the dog was seized under section 56 (a), (b) or (c) because of an offence against this Act—subsection (3) applies to the offence; and
(e) the dog’s keeper has not relinquished ownership under section 69; and
(f) any fee payable under section 144 for the release of the dog has been paid.
(3) This subsection applies to an offence if—
(a) 28 days have elapsed since the day the dog was seized and—
(i) a prosecution has not been started for the offence; and
(ii) an infringement notice has not been served for the offence; or
(b) an infringement notice has been served for the offence and the infringement notice penalty has been paid or the notice withdrawn; or
(c) a prosecution for the offence was started not later than 28 days after the day the dog was seized and—
(i) the prosecution has been discontinued; or
(ii) the keeper has been convicted or found guilty of the offence but is not disqualified by an order under section 138A from keeping the dog.
63 Releasing dogs seized under power relating to dangerous dogs or multiple dogs
(1) This section applies to—
(a) a dog seized under section 57 (Seizure—dangerous dogs); or
(b) a dog seized under section 58 (Seizure—contravention of multiple dog licence) unless the dog is declared to be a dangerous dog after it was seized.
Note Section 65 deals with the release of a dog declared to be dangerous after it is seized.
(2) The registrar must release the dog to a person claiming its release if, but only if, the registrar is satisfied—
(a) the person claiming its release is the dog’s keeper; and
(b) the dog is registered; and
(c) the premises where the dog will be kept are secure enough to prevent the dog escaping; and
(d) if the dog was seized under section 57 (b) or (c)—a dangerous dog licence is in force for the dog; and
(e) if the dog was seized under section 58—the keeper has any multiple dog licence needed to keep the dog; and
(f) if the dog was seized because of an offence against this Act—subsection (3) applies to the offence; and
(g) the dog’s keeper has not relinquished ownership under section 69; and
(h) any fee payable under section 144 for the release of the dog has been paid.
Note As a condition of the issue of a dangerous dogs licence, the registrar can require the dog’s keeper and the dog to complete an approved course in behavioural or socialisation training for the dog.
(3) This subsection applies to an offence if—
(a) 28 days have elapsed since the day the dog was seized and—
(i) a prosecution has not been started for the offence; and
(ii) an infringement notice has not been served for the offence; or
(b) an infringement notice has been served for the offence and the infringement notice penalty has been paid or the notice withdrawn; or
(c) a prosecution for the offence was started not later than 28 days after the day the dog was seized and—
(i) the prosecution has been discontinued; or
(ii) the keeper has been convicted or found guilty of the offence but is not disqualified by an order under section 138A from keeping the dog.
64 Releasing dogs seized under attacking and harassing power
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under section 59 (Seizure—attacking and harassing dogs) unless the dog is declared to be a dangerous dog after it was seized.
Note Section 65 deals with the release of a dog declared to be dangerous after it is seized.
(2) The registrar must release the dog to a person claiming its release if, but only if, the registrar is satisfied—
(a) the person claiming its release is the dog’s keeper; and
(b) the dog is registered; and
(c) the court has not ordered the destruction of the dog under section 50 (4) (Offences of attacking or harassing); and
(d) if the dog was seized under section 59 because of an offence against this Act—subsection (3) applies to the offence; and
(e) the dog’s keeper has not relinquished ownership under section 69; and
(f) any fee payable under section 144 for the release of the dog has been paid.
(3) This subsection applies to an offence if—
(a) 28 days have elapsed since the day the dog was seized and—
(i) a prosecution has not been started for the offence; and
(ii) an infringement notice has not been served for the offence; or
(b) an infringement notice has been served for the offence and the infringement notice penalty has been paid or the notice withdrawn; or
(c) a prosecution for the offence was started not later than 28 days after the day the dog was seized and—
(i) the prosecution has been discontinued; or
(ii) the keeper has been convicted or found guilty of the offence but is not disqualified by an order under section 138A from keeping the dog.
65 Releasing dogs declared dangerous after seizure for offence
If a dog is seized under section 56 (Seizure of dogs—general) or section 59 (Seizure—attacking and harassing dogs) and, after the seizure, the dog is declared to be a dangerous dog, the registrar must release the dog to a person claiming its release if satisfied that the person is its keeper and a dangerous dog licence is in force for the dog.
Note 1 A fee may be payable under s 144 before a dog may be released.
Note 2 The registrar is not obliged to release a dog if its keeper has relinquished ownership (see s 69).
Note 3 As a condition of the issue of a dangerous dogs licence, the registrar can require the keeper of the dog and the dog complete an approved course in behavioural or socialisation training for the dog.
66 Selling or destroying dogs (other than dangerous dogs) seized under general or attacking and harassing power
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under section 56 (Seizure of dogs—general) or section 59 (Seizure—attacking and harassing dogs) unless the dog is a dangerous dog.
Note Section 68 deals with the selling and destruction of dangerous dogs.
(2) The registrar may sell or destroy the dog if—
(a) not later than 7 days after the day of the seizure, the registrar cannot find out who is the dog’s keeper after making reasonable inquiries; or
(b) the dog’s keeper relinquishes ownership of the dog under section 69; or
(c) not later than 7 days after the day notice under section 60 (1) (c) was given to the dog’s keeper, the keeper does not tell the registrar, in writing, that the keeper wishes to claim the dog and, if the dog is not registered, apply to the registrar to register the dog.
67 Selling or destroying dogs (other than dangerous dogs) seized under multiple dog licence power
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under section 58 (Seizure—contravention of multiple dog licence) unless the dog is a dangerous dog.
Note Section 68 deals with the selling and destruction of dangerous dogs.
(2) The registrar may sell or destroy the dog if—
(a) not later than 7 days after the day of the seizure, the registrar cannot find out who is the dog’s keeper after making reasonable inquiries; or
(b) the dog’s keeper relinquishes ownership of the dog under section 69; or
(c) not later than 7 days after the day notice under section 60 (1) (c) was given to the dog’s keeper, the keeper does not tell the registrar, in writing, that the keeper wishes to claim the dog and—
(i) if a multiple dog licence is required for the dog and a multiple dog licence is not in force for the dog—apply to the registrar for a multiple dog licence; and
(ii) if the dog is not registered—apply to the registrar to register the dog.
(3) The registrar may sell or destroy a dog mentioned in subsection (2) (c) (i) if—
(a) the dog’s keeper applies for a multiple dog licence for the dog; and
(b) the registrar refuses to issue the licence; and
(c) the keeper receives notice of the registrar’s decision to refuse to issue the licence; and
(d) either—
(i) the keeper does not, not later than 7 days after the day the keeper receives the notice (the application period), make an application under section 120 for review of the decision; or
(ii) the keeper makes an application under section 120 for review of the decision not later than the application period and the registrar’s decision to refuse to issue the licence is confirmed.
68 Selling or destroying dangerous dogs generally
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under this division that is a dangerous dog, whether the dog was declared to be a dangerous dog before or after it was seized.
(2) The registrar may sell or destroy the dog if—
(a) not later than 7 days after the day of the seizure, the registrar cannot find out who is the dog’s keeper after making reasonable inquiries; or
(b) the dog’s keeper relinquishes ownership of the dog under section 69; or
(c) not later than 28 days after the day notice under section 60 (1) (c) was given to the dog’s keeper, the keeper does not tell the registrar, in writing, that the keeper wishes to claim the dog and—
(i) if a dangerous dog licence is not in force for the dog—apply to the registrar for a dangerous dog licence; and
(ii) if the dog is not registered—apply to the registrar to register the dog.
(3) The registrar may sell or destroy a dog mentioned in subsection (2) (c) (i) if—
(a) the dog’s keeper applies for a dangerous dog licence for the dog; and
(b) the registrar refuses to issue the licence; and
(c) the keeper receives notice of the registrar’s decision to refuse to issue the licence; and
(d) either—
(i) the keeper does not, not later than 7 days after the day the keeper receives the notice (the application period), make an application under section 119 for review of the decision; or
(ii) the keeper makes an application under section 119 for review of the decision not later than the application period and the registrar’s decision to refuse to issue the licence is confirmed.
69 Relinquishing ownership of dogs
(1) This section applies to a dog seized under this division.
(2) The dog’s keeper may relinquish ownership of the dog by signed writing given to the registrar.
(3) An instrument relinquishing ownership of the dog—
(a) takes effect at the end of 3 days beginning on the day the signed instrument is given to the registrar; and
(b) must contain a statement to the effect of paragraph (a).
(4) After an instrument relinquishing ownership of the dog takes effect, the registrar—
(a) is not obliged to return the dog to its keeper; and
(b) may sell or destroy the dog.
(5) To remove any doubt, the registrar must not sell or destroy the dog under this section until the instrument relinquishing ownership of the dog takes effect.
Division 2.8 Miscellaneous
70 Returning seized dog to its keeper
(1) The registrar may return a dog seized under this part to its keeper under this section if satisfied that it would be in the public interest to return the dog.
(2) In making a decision under subsection (1), the registrar must consider—
(a) the safety of the public; and
(b) the cost of keeping the dog impounded; and
(c) whether financial or other hardship would be caused to the keeper if the dog were to remain impounded.
(3) Subsection (2) does not limit the matters the registrar may consider.
(4) The registrar may return the dog to its keeper on conditions.
(5) If the registrar returns the dog to its keeper under this part, the registrar may waive all or part of any fee payable by the dog’s keeper under this part if satisfied that not to waive the fee would cause the keeper financial hardship.
71 Guidelines about returning impounded dogs
(1) The Minister may issue guidelines about the exercise of the registrar’s functions under section 70.
(2) The registrar must comply with any guidelines under this section.
(3) A guideline is a disallowable instrument.
Note A disallowable instrument must be notified, and presented to the Legislative Assembly, under the Legislation Act.
Part 3 Dogs and cats